Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health ( WHO ) which is determined by the Body mass index (BMI). BMI is a formula of weight-for-height that used to classify overweight and obesity. BMI equal or greater than 25 is consider overweight and 30 is obesity.
In 2008, 1.5 billion adults were overweight in the world’s population. Of these over 200 million men and nearly 300 million women were obese (more than one in ten of the world population was obese). Each year, 2.8 million adults die due to the health problem cause by obesity. In 2010, around 43 million of children under five were overweight. Hence, obesity is a worldwide problem.
To solve this problem, we need to study the causes of obesity. Obesity can either develop because of lifestyle factors or hereditary factors. The main lifestyle factors that cause obesity are insufficient of no physical exercise and imbalanced diet. Dietary of energy-rich foods with high concentration of sugars, salt and lipids become the favourable for human nowadays. For example, fast food, junk food and etc. Dietary with high concentration of sugar and lipids will lead to a lot of health problems such as arthritis, cancer, stroke and sleep apnea.
Besides that, lacking of physical exercise also is the main cause of obesity. Children, even adult, use to stay in front of television or computer in to spend their free time with the excuse release stress. Evermore, they will take in a lot of potato chips, fried chicken, burger, junks food, cola, etc while the serving the net or watching television shows. Other reasons given for preventing people from doing exercise is the insufficient opportunities for working out, for example, have no sidewalks, not save, absence of parks and sport facilities and busy working and studying behind desk.
A hereditary factor causing obesity due to gene that causes the body efficiently converts food substrate into glucose but makes their metabolism poor. This will lead to excess glucose storage of glucose and causing it to form body fat that surrounded organs, store underneath skin.
Other than these two factors, certain body disorder and disease also will cause obesity. Example: Cushing’s syndrome, Hypothyroidism and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
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